James Carroll Fox (born 1928) is a United States federal judge.
Born in Atchison, Kansas, Fox received a B.S. from the University of North Carolina in 1950, and was in the United States Army from 1951 to 1959. He then received a J.D. from the University of North Carolina School of Law in 1957, serving as a law clerk to Don Gilliam of the U.S. District Court, Eastern District of North Carolina from 1957 to 1958. He was in private practice in Wilmington, North Carolina from 1958 to 1982, and was also a county attorney of New Hanover County, North Carolina from 1967 to 1981.
On September 14, 1982, Fox was nominated by President Ronald Reagan to a new United States District Court for the Eastern District of North Carolina seat created by 92 Stat. 1629. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on September 29, 1982, and received his commission on September 30, 1982. He served as chief judge from 1990 to 1997, and assumed senior status on January 31, 2001.